Alexis de Tocqueville
- Country : France
- Profession :History, ‎Political Scientist, Philosopher, Diplomat, Jurist
- DOB: 1805-07-29
Alexis de Tocqueville (1805-1859) was a French political thinker, historian, and sociologist. He is renowned for his seminal work “Democracy in America” (1835), which analyzed the dynamics of democracy, individualism, and social equality in the United States. Tocqueville’s keen observations on the balance between liberty and equality continue to influence political thought. His insightful writings also encompassed topics like the French Revolution and the importance of civil society. Tocqueville’s lasting impact lies in his profound exploration of democratic principles and their implications for society, making him a seminal figure in the study of political philosophy and social sciences.
A malevolent literary device for cramping the growth of a language and making it hard and inelastic. This dictionary, however, is a most useful work.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleI have always noticed in politics how often men are ruined by having too good a memory.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe principle of equality does not destroy the imagination, but lowers its flight to the level of the earth.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThere is no philosopher in the world so great but he believes a million things on the faith of other people and accepts a great many more truths than he demonstrates
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleDemocratic institutions generally give men a lofty notion of their country and themselves.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleOn close inspection, we shall find that religion, and not fear, has ever been the cause of the long-lived prosperity of an absolute government.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleI see no clear reason why the doctrine of self-interest properly understood should turn men away from religious beliefs.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleBut one also finds in the human heart a depraved taste for equality, which impels the weak to want to bring the strong down to their level, and which reduces men to preferring equality in servitude to inequality in freedom.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe happy and powerful do not go into exile, and there are no surer guarantees of equality among men than poverty and misfortune.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe Union was formed by the voluntary agreement of the States; and these, in uniting together, have not forfeited their Nationality, nor have they been reduced to the condition of one and the same people. If one of the States chose to withdraw its name from the contract, it would be difficult to disprove its right of doing so
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe nations of our time cannot prevent the conditions of men from becoming equal, but it depends upon themselves whether the principle of equality is to lead them to servitude or freedom, to knowledge or barbarism, to prosperity or wretchedness.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe legislator is like the navigator of a ship on the high seas. He can steer the vessel on which he sails, but he cannot alter its construction, raise the wind, or stop the waves from swelling beneath his feet.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleCountries, therefore, when lawmaking falls exclusively to the lot of the poor cannot hope for much economy in public expenditure; expenses will always be considerable, either because taxes cannot touch those who vote for them or because they are assessed in a way to prevent that.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleDespotism may govern without faith, but liberty cannot. How is it possible that society should escape destruction if the moral tie is not strengthened in proportion as the political tie is relaxed? And what can be done with a people who are their own masters if they are not submissive to the Deity?
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleUseful undertakings which require sustained attention and vigorous precision in order to succeed often end up by being abandoned, for, in America, as elsewhere, the people move forward by sudden impulses and short-lived efforts.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe will of the nation is one of those phrases most widely abused by schemers and tyrants of all ages.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThere is hardly a pioneer’s hut which does not contain a few odd volumes of Shakespeare. I remember reading the feudal drama of Henry V for the first time in a log cabin.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleLaws are always unstable unless they are founded on the manners of a nation; and manners are the only durable and resisting power in a people
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleIt is far more important to resist apathy than anarchy or despotism, for apathy can give rise, almost indifferently, to either one.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleA long war almost always places nations in this sad alternative: that their defeat delivers them to destruction and their triumph to despotism.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleMen seldom take the opinion of their equal, or of a man like themselves, upon trust.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleI studied the Koran a great deal. I came away from that study with the conviction there have been few religions in the world as deadly to men as that of Muhammad.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleTrade is the natural enemy of all violent passions. Trade loves moderation, delights in compromise, and is most careful to avoid anger. It is patient, supple, and insinuating, only resorting to extreme measures in cases of absolute necessity
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleFurthermore, when citizens are all almost equal, it becomes difficult for them to defend their independence against the aggressions of power
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleHow could a society escape destruction if, when political ties are relaxed, moral ties are not tightened, and what can be done with a people master of itself if it not subject to God?
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleAll those who seek to destroy the liberties of a democratic nation ought to know that war is the surest and shortest means to accomplish it
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe health of a democratic society may be measured by the quality of functions performed by private citizens.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleAs the past has ceased to throw its light upon the future, the mind of man wanders in obscurity.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThose that despise people will never get the best out of others and themselves.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleEvery central government worships uniformity: uniformity relieves it from inquiry into an infinity of details
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleWe can state with conviction, therefore, that a man’s support for absolute government is in direct proportion to the contempt he feels for his country
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleChristianity is the companion of liberty in all its conflicts, the cradle of its infancy, and the divine source of its claims
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleSociety is endangered not by the great profligacy of a few, but by the laxity of morals amongst all
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleIn politics shared hatreds are almost always the basis of friendships.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleRighteous women in their circle of influence,
beginning in the home, can turn the world around.
A democratic government is the only one in which those who vote for a tax can escape the obligation to pay it.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThere is no country in the world in which everything can be provided for by the laws, or in which political institutions can prove a substitute for common sense and public morality.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleOne of the most ordinary weaknesses of the human intellect is to seek to reconcile contrary principles, and to purchase peace at the expense of logic
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThose who prize freedom only for the material benefits it offers have never kept it for long.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleI have seen Americans making great and sincere sacrifices for the key common good and a hundred times I have noticed that, when needs be, they almost always gave each other faithful support
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleIf I were asked … to what the singular prosperity and growing strength of Americans ought mainly to be attributed, I should reply: To the superiority of their women
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleIt is indeed difficult to imagine how men who have entirely renounced the habit of managing their own affairs could be successful in choosing those who ought to lead them. It is impossible to believe that a liberal, energetic, and wise government can ever emerge from the ballots of a nation of servants.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThere are many men of principle in both parties in America, but there is no party of principle.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleWhen a large number of organs of the press come to advance along the same track, their influence becomes almost irresistible in the long term, and public opinion, struck always from the same side, ends by yielding under their blows.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleI am deeply convinced that any permanent, regular administrative system whose aim is to provide for the needs of the poor will breed more miseries than it can cure, will deprave the population that it wants to help and comfort, will dry up the sources of savings, will stop the accumulation of capital, will retard the development of trade, and will benumb human industry
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleRemember that life is neither pain nor pleasure; it is serious business, to be entered upon with courage and in a spirit of self-sacrifice
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleWhen the past no longer illuminates the future, the spirit walks in darkness
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleAs for me, I am deeply a democrat; this is why I am in no way a socialist. Democracy and socialism cannot go together. You can’t have it both ways. Socialism is a new form of slavery.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleAny measure that establishes legal charity on a permanent basis and gives it an administrative form thereby creates an idle and lazy class, living at the expense of the industrial and working class.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleDespotism often presents itself as the repairer of all the ills suffered, the support of just rights, defender of the oppressed, and founder of order
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleIt is easier for the world to accept a simple lie than a complex truth.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleDemocracy and socialism have nothing in common but one word, equality. But notice the difference: while democracy seeks equality in liberty, socialism seeks equality in restraint and servitude
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleAmericans are so enamored of equality that they would rather be equal in slavery than unequal in freedom
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleI am far from denying that newspapers in democratic countries lead citizens to do very ill-considered things in common; but without newspapers there would be hardly any common action at all
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleIn order to enjoy the inestimable benefits that the liberty of the press ensures, it is necessary to submit to the inevitable evils it creates
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleEquality of conditions is the fundamental fact from which all others seem to be derived.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleI do not know if the people of the United States would vote for superior men if they ran for office, but there can be no doubt that such men do not run
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe best laws cannot make a constitution work in spite of morals; morals can turn the worst laws to advantage
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleA decline of public morals in the United States will probably be marked by the abuse of the power of impeachment as a means of crushing political adversaries.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe most dangerous moment for a bad government is when it begins to reform
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe health of a democratic society may be measured by the quality of functions performed by private citizens
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe truest expression of a people is in its dances and its music. Bodies never lie
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleLiberty cannot be established without morality, nor morality without faith
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe greatness of America lies not in being more enlightened than any other nation, but rather in her ability to repair her faults
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe surface of American society is covered with a layer of democratic paint, but from time to time one can see the old aristocratic colors breaking through
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleIf you wish to succeed in life, make perseverance your bosom friend, experience your wise counselor, caution your elder brother, and hope your guardian genius
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleIn the United States, the majority undertakes to supply a multitude of ready-made opinions for the use of individuals, who are thus relieved from the necessity of forming opinions of their own
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleAmericans are constantly fearful of change, yet what other society has seen so many changes?
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleMen will not receive education and manners from their equals, even though they are the wisest and most virtuous of men.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleInequality is the source of all evil, but property is the greatest of all rights; so that the rights of property are the most important of all rights
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleAn American cannot converse, but he can discuss, and his talk falls into a dissertation
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleHe who seeks freedom for anything but freedom’s self is made to be a slave
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleLiberty cannot be established without morality, nor morality without faith
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe power of the majority is so absolute and irresistible that one must give up one’s rights.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe main reason for the development of society and the happiness of the people is the gradual growth of the public spirit and the increase of public virtue
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleNothing is more wonderful than the art of being free, but nothing is harder to learn.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe love of money is either the rapacity of avarice, which can never be satisfied, or the sublime enthusiasm of virtue
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleDespotism often presents itself as the restorer of order and by its very name it appeals to the memory of a long series of benefits
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe genius of democracies is seen not only in the great number of new words introduced but even more in the new ideas they express
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe most decided men of character are often those whose inferiority in talent prevents them from being self-confident
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleNothing is more wonderful than the art of being free, but nothing is harder to learn how to use than freedom
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThere is hardly a political question in the United States that does not eventually turn into a judicial one
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe most critical moment for bad government is that which witnesses its first steps towards reform
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe best time for frames of mind, and all the best proofs of self-possession, is to mark that the people with whom we are dealing are as fully entitled to their frames of mind as we are to ours.
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleI am satisfied that when the soul and body are in health, every other sort of health is superfluous
Author: Alexis de TocquevilleThe best means of learning to bear with dignity the vicissitudes of fortune is to remember that they have all experienced them
Author: Alexis de Tocqueville